This is probably NOT what you had in mind. What I use for launching apps under Gnome 43.9 is a traditional file manager. Historically, nautilus was Gnome’s file manager. I note that Gnome still has a file manager, but they don’t call it that. Over time nautilus has been gutted of a lot of its functionality. Thus, I have switched to PCManFM, which is a lightweight lookalike. I autostart it in my Desktop folder, which holds a handful of *.desktop shortcut files. I like the look of the “Icon” view mode because it reminds me of the old Windows 3.1 desktop. Alas, there is no grouping like what you’re hoping for (so far as I know), but you could create shortcuts to other *.desktop folders. PCManFM displays a tabbed window, and you can drag and drop icons onto folders on a window, and between tabs. I launch apps by double-clicking icons.

I wish to put in a plug for Noto Sans Semicondensed for spreadsheets, although not generally for system-wide use.

I recommend it for my Tonto2 List Maker script, which uses a spreadsheet layout. Noto Sans Semicondensed has “tabular figures,” which means you can use it in tables to align digits and decimals with simple spaces and still have the look of a proportionally spaced font for text.

Noto Sans Semicondensed is available from Google, of course, but Linux Users will be more likely to install the fonts-noto-core package.

Using TOR Browser, my user agent is:

Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:128.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/128.0

… so I confirm that Windows is not spoofed now, if ever it were.

You can see what Web hosts see. Visit:

• https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/

Alternatively you can use a spreadsheet and generate lists there.

OK, I’m going to wade in here. It occurs to me that the OP could make use of my Tonto2 Python3 script for Linux and Windows. It puts a spreadsheet-like user interface over a *.csv file or files. You just need to make a home for the tag file(s). You can make bookmark lists that way and open the embedded http:// links in your browser. You could use file:/// links for local images. You could add as many columns as you want for all kinds of tags and sort and search the values to your heart’s content.

This gets a bit messy. Here’s a python code snippet that gives you some idea what I’m up to with my Debian/Gnome desktop:

if while_tweaking('all', 'default browser', '√'):
    ChangeSymbolicLink(
        name='gnome-www-browser',
        action='Make Tor the default browser.',
        old=f'~ccrhode/tor-browser_en-US/{TBB_SCRIPT}',
        new='/etc/alternatives/gnome-www-browser',
        )
    ChangeSymbolicLink(
        name='x-www-browser',
        action='Make Tor the default browser.',
        old=f'~ccrhode/tor-browser_en-US/{TBB_SCRIPT}',
        new='/etc/alternatives/x-www-browser',
        )
    ChangeGConf(
        name='http handler',
        action='Change default Gnome http handler.',
        path='/desktop/gnome/url-handlers/http',
        key_values={'command': 'gnome-www-browser "%s"'},
        )
    ChangeGConf(
        name='https handler',
        action='Change default Gnome https handler.',
        path='/desktop/gnome/url-handlers/https',
        key_values={'command': 'gnome-www-browser "%s"'},
        )
    ChangeGConf(
        name='default browser',
        action='Change default Gnome browser.',
        path='/desktop/gnome/applications/browser',
        key_values={'exec': 'gnome-www-browser'},
        )
if while_tweaking('personal', 'desktop_icons', 'all', 'default browser', '√'):
    full_path = home_path(f'tor-browser_en-US/{TBB_SCRIPT}')
    ChangeDesktopLauncher(  # 2013 Jun 29
        name='firefox',
        action='Desktop icon for browser.',
        exec_=f'{full_path} -new-window %U',  # 2015 May 14
        desktop_name='New Window',
        icon='/usr/share/pixmaps/other/Web.png',
        comment="New window for Tor browser.",
        )
    ChangeDesktopLauncher(  # 2013 Jun 29
        name='firefox',
        action='Desktop icon for browser.',
        exec_=f'{full_path} -new-tab %U',  # 2015 May 14
        desktop_name='New Tab',
        icon='/usr/share/pixmaps/other/Web.png',
        comment="New tab for Tor browser.  This desktop item IS the default browser.  Please leave as-is.",
        key_values={
            'MimeType':
            'text/html;'
            'text/xml;'
            'application/xhtml+xml;'
            'application/xml;'
            'application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;'
            'application/rss+xml;'
            'application/rdf+xml;'
            'image/gif;'
            'image/jpeg;'
            'image/png;'
            'x-scheme-handler/http;'
            'x-scheme-handler/https;'
            'x-scheme-handler/about;'
            'x-scheme-handler/unknown;'
            },
        )
    path_local_apps = home_path('.local/share/applications')
    ChangeMkdir(
        name='firefox',
        action='Make default mime desktop files',
        path=path_local_apps,
        )
    APPS_REPERTOIRE = [
        home_path('Desktop/tweaks-New Tab.desktop'),
        '/usr/share/applications/org.gnome.Evince.desktop',  # 2020 Jul 31
        '/usr/share/applications/org.gnome.gedit.desktop',  # 2020 Jul 31
        ]
    for app_name in APPS_REPERTOIRE:
        ChangeSymbolicLink(
            name='firefox',
            action=f'Link {app_name}.',
            old=app_name,
            new=path_local_apps,
            )
    ChangeCommand(
        name='firefox',
        action='Update Mime cache',
        args=f'update-desktop-database "{path_local_apps}"',
        )
    ChangeCommand(  # 2023 Jan 10
        name='firefox',
        action="Force ownership of mimeinfo.cache.",
        args=f'chown {USER.name}:{USER.name} "{path_local_apps}/mimeinfo.cache"',
        )
    ChangeScript(
        name='firefox',
        action='Create defaults list.',
        file_name=f'{path_local_apps}/mimeinfo.cache',
        regexs_subs=[
            (r'\[MIME Cache\]','[Default Applications]'),
            ]
        )
    ChangeSymbolicLink(
        name='firefox',
        action='Link mimeinfo.cache',
        old=f'{path_local_apps}/mimeinfo.cache',
        new=f'{path_local_apps}/defaults.list',
        )
    ChangeDesktopLauncher(
        name='tor',
        action='Desktop icon for anonymizing browser.',
        exec_=full_path,
        desktop_name='Tor',
        icon=home_path('tor-browser_en-US/onion.png'),
        comment="TOR anonymizing browser",
        )
    ChangeDesktopLauncher(
        name='firefox',
        action='Desktop icon for Firefox browser.',
        exec_='firefox',  # 2022 Jan 10
        desktop_name='Firefox',
        icon='/usr/share/icons/hicolor/64x64/apps/firefox-esr.png',  # 2023 Jan 23
        comment="Firefox browser",
        )
    IS_DESKTOP_DIRTY = True

In other words, in place of your browser invocation, you want a script that applies the -new-tab option to the browser invocation and you have to correct a bunch of Gnome configs, symlinks, and MimeTypes to get that to stick.

GNOME is entirely adequate.

Yes it is except when it isn’t. Maybe there’s a reason practically no Adwaita theme alternatives ship with Debian. Maybe not. But, using Gnome, it’s the default theme or nothing. I have to admit I don’t know from themes. However, there are lots of Gnome themes available from theme peddlers.

Recently I became fed to the teeth with claws-mail, which is a GTK app. In Adwaita the foreground font color is too dark (gray) on top of the background highlight (blue). My eyesight had deteriorated to the point that I just couldn’t read the Subject of the current eMail, so I shopped for a new theme that would be … adequate. I didn’t have time to try them all.

I settled on Ant by EliverLara. In this theme foreground font color (white) on background highlight (salmon) is just barely visible. I use it only for claws-mail:

> env GTK_THEME=Ant claws-mail

Does anyone know how I can merge/deduplicate contacts in a .vcf vcard file?

Tonto2 is a python 3/Qt graphical app that runs on desktops. It’s main purpose is not to manipulate *.vcf files, but the appendix to the instruction pages tells how, anyway. Tonto2 uses a spread-sheet-like presentation paradigm. With appropriate magical mystical spells, you can import *.vcf as *.csv and sort the *.csv by last-name, phone-number, eMail, zip-code, or whatever. It won’t de-dup, but you can spot the duplicates easier once they’re collated next to one another in one sequence or another. Show just the significant attributes. Probably you’ll want to sort, look, sort, and look again. Killing entries is nearly as simple as checking them off. FAIR WARNING: This process is time consuming, frustrating, and fraught with peril. Keep several versions of your address list until you’re sure the final is the one you want to keep forever. My experience is that I always find stuff I want to keep in each of all (sometimes more than two) duplicate entries, so deleting the dup’s is not what’s called for. Merging means manually copying from one entry and pasting into another. Due to the judgemental nature of how to handle conflicting and out-of-date info, I’ve hesitated to try to automate the process.

Maybe copying/moving files using a file manager?

FileZilla

-or-

Gnome Commander

…but call me quaint. I still like…

mc

… 'cause it always just works. mc can ostensibly preserve attributes, time-stamps, and (with appropriate privilege on the receiving end) ownership of transferred files (using an sftp server supposedly).

I’m not familiar with jabref, so I probably shouldn’t stick my oar in here. But I will anyway. I’ve written my own python script that I use for lists like Web bookmarks. It’s a poor man’s database manager, so you can add attributes to bookmark entries and sort and search on those attributes.

There’s no doubt there are a great variety of Linux packages in use.

Recently I did a CD install of Debian 12 (Bookworm) desktop with Gnome, which loads a bunch of stuff over the Net. Here are extra packages that I installed manually. The first set is used by and with an automated configuration script that I wrote, so they have to come in to begin with.

Here are third-party packages I admire. These are not available in Debian repositories although some provide Debian-compatible repositories of their own.

Tor Browser Bundle: Anonymizing Network Browser

This is available from https://dist.torproject.org/torbrowser/ as a tarball. This should be unpacked and the whole tor-browser_en-US directory moved to the ~user folder. This is so that the browser can auto-update at user authority as the need arises.

RetroShare: Secure Communications with Friends

This has its own Debian-compatible repository.

metar: A Package to Parse METAR Coded Weather Reports

~/lab_pip/bin/activate
pip install metar --upgrade

weeWX: Open source software for backyard weather stations.

From http://weewx.com/docs/debian.htm. Although a Debian package exists, doing any development practically requires that all the code be in user-space, so don’t install the package. Download it instead.

OpenHAB: Home Automation

This has its own Debian-compatible repository.

Ant: GTK3/4 Themes by eliverlara

From https://www.gnome-look.org/browse?cat=135&ord=latest.

This is for claws-mail. It provides better contrast.

Doctor, Doctor, my brother thinks he’s a chicken!

Too much fun! Like many other Comp. Sci. students, I spent way too many hours trying to get Eliza, an automated psychiatrist from MIT, to say something shocking. Weizenbaum, the developer, “was surprised and shocked that individuals, including his secretary, attributed human-like feelings to the computer program.” In this sense AI is nothing new because Eliza passed the Turing Test in 1967.

I’m mystified that poppler-utils is not a viable option. Of course the *.pdf file would have to include the text itself, but many do.

sakura terminal emulator for me 'cause I can edit color sets in its .config file and then switch between them under the right-click menus.